Work top-down
to build bottom-up.
Start at the deployed system, decompose it to its bill of materials, and place every part by cost and differentiation — settled, cyclical, or frontier. It’s a map of the landscape, not a prescription.
There’s a real cost — energy, time, money, effort — to building without full knowledge of the market and the benefit. This surfaces that cost, so you choose by your goal: ship at scale, compete on a cyclical part, or push the frontier for science. Not everything is meant for scale. Every system here is an open-hardware baseline with a real, sourced BOM.
Open smart ring
A finger-worn health sensor. 2.4 grams. A 15 mAh battery. Everything fights for microwatts.
Open smartphone
The reuse extreme. Almost every line is commodity silicon — so the cost lives in integration, not design.
Open laptop
A system architecture that isolates the cost-and-differentiation choice in one socket.
Open driver-assistance
A self-driving computer where the whole system is settled reuse — except the eyes.
Open AI server node
The apex system — where the host is settled reuse, and the cost and the joules concentrate in two places.
Silicon-photonic MAC tile
Matrix-multiply done in light at 1550 nm — sub-picojoule per MAC. The same descent, one paradigm out.